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Why CCS Chargers Are Still Key to the EV Charging Landscape

Why CCS Chargers Are Still Key to the EV Charging Landscape

As electric vehicles (EVs) become faster and their one-charge mileage longer, the need for rapid charging has never been more apparent. At the start, the vehicle's battery charging downtime was one of the primary reasons electric vehicle (EV) adoption was slow. Whereas internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles only take minutes to refuel, first-generation EVs to hours—or days—to replenish. But with the entry of DC charging technology, going from 0 to fully-charged in less than an hour is possible.

The Combined Charging System (CCS) has long been the Direct Current (DC) charging standard in North America and Europe, but the impending takeover of a more inclusive and practical rapid charging connector is threatening its future.

What Is a CCS EV Charger and Why It Matters

Why CCS Was Developed

CCS was introduced to create a universal fast-charging standard that could be adopted by multiple EV manufacturers. Unlike proprietary charging systems, CCS DC fast chargers allow a broad range of vehicles to use the same charging stations, reducing fragmentation in the electric car charging ecosystem.

How the CCS Plug Works

The CCS connector integrates extra DC power lines into an existing AC charging connector, allowing for both AC and DC charging. This eliminates the need for multiple charging ports and provides a streamlined charging process.

There are two types of CCS connectors:

  • CCS Combo 1 (CCS1): Commonly used in North America, it includes a J1772 plug for AC charging and additional extra DC power lines for DC fast charging. The vehicle coupler for CCS1 is specifically designed to work with the North American charging standard.

  • CCS Combo 2 (CCS2): Used in the European Union, this version integrates the Type 2 connector with DC fast charging. CCS2 is becoming more common in South America and parts of Central America as the market for electric cars grows.

 

Feature

CCS Combo 1 (CCS1)

CCS Combo 2 (CCS2)

Region Used

North America

Europe, Central & South America

Base Connector

J1772 (Type 1)

Type 2

Supports AC Charging?

Yes (J1772)

Yes (Type 2)

Supports DC Charging?

Yes

Yes

Maximum Power Output

Up to 350 kW

Up to 350 kW

Standard Adoption

Used by American and some Asian EV manufacturers

Used by European and some international EV manufacturers

Lincoln

Corsair Grand Touring

2022–2023

Why CCS Still Matters

Despite the transition to NACS, millions of CCS-enabled EVs remain on the road. CCS charging stations continue to be essential for non-Tesla drivers, and major charging networks like Electrify America and EVgo are maintaining CCS charging infrastructure to ensure accessibility.

Key Benefits of CCS Charging

Compatibility with Electric Vehicles

Most major EV manufacturers continue to support CCS chargers, ensuring broad charging network accessibility. Despite the transition to NACS, millions of CCS-equipped EVs remain on the road, making CCS charging stations a necessary part of the EV charging ecosystem.

CCS is supported by major automotive manufacturers, including:

  • General Motors – Chevrolet Bolt and upcoming EVs.

  • Mercedes-Benz – EQ models with CCS plugs.

  • Nissan Leaf – Transitioning from CHAdeMO connectors to CCS connectors.

  • Volkswagen, Hyundai, Kia, and BMW – Equipped with CCS compatibility.

  • Tesla Superchargers – Now accessible to select CCS-equipped EVs via an adapter.

Ultra-Fast Charging Capabilities

CCS supports high-speed DC fast charging, allowing drivers to recharge quickly. Key benchmarks include:

  • 50 kW: Adds ~75 miles in 30 minutes, ideal for lower-powered charging stations.

  • 150 kW: Adds ~225 miles in 30 minutes, suitable for highway charging networks.

  • 350 kW: Adds ~525 miles in 30 minutes, maximizing efficiency for long-distance travel.

These speeds make CCS chargers a convenient solution for both daily commutes and cross-country trips.

Future-Ready with Dual Standard Compatibility

To accommodate both CCS and NACS, many charging stations are integrating dual-standard chargers, ensuring continued support for CCS-enabled EVs. Benefits include:

  • Tesla Supercharger access – Select Tesla Superchargers now support CCS charging via adapters, expanding charging options.

  • Ongoing infrastructure investment – Networks like Electrify America and EVgo are ensuring CCS charging points remain available.

  • Software upgrades – Enhancements to existing CCS chargers improve compatibility and charging efficiency.

While NACS adoption is growing, CCS chargers will continue to play an essential role in EV charging infrastructure, offering broad support and high-speed charging capabilities.

How to Use a CCS Charger

  1. Locate a charging station using an EV charging app or the vehicle's onboard navigation system.

  2. Park near the charger and ensure the charging cable can reach your vehicle coupler. Most CCS-equipped vehicles have the charging port positioned on the front or rear side, depending on the manufacturer.

  3. Authenticate the charging session via an app, RFID card, or payment system. Some modern CCS chargers offer plug-and-play functionality, where authentication happens automatically.

  4. Connect the CCS plug to your car's battery. EV chargers automatically detect the vehicle type and adjust the power level to match the car’s capabilities.

  5. Monitor the charger's screen for charging progress. The screen will display the current charging rate, time remaining, and amount of power delivered.

  6. Disconnect the CCS plug when charging is complete and return it to the charging station. Many CCS chargers automatically stop the charging session once the battery reaches full capacity.

CCS in a Shifting EV Landscape: The Rise of NACS

The transition from CCS charging to NACS is reshaping the EV charging ecosystem. Many automotive manufacturers, including Ford, General Motors, Rivian, Volvo, Polestar, Nissan, Lucid, and Mercedes-Benz, have announced plans to adopt Tesla’s NACS as their primary charging standard. This shift is driven by the widespread availability and reliability of Tesla’s Supercharger network.

While NACS adoption is increasing, CCS charging stations remain critical. Millions of EVs with CCS connectors will still need access to charging infrastructure, ensuring CCS chargers remain relevant for years to come.

Looming Challenges for CCS

  • Infrastructure investment uncertainty – Governments and private networks must determine how to balance support between CCS and NACS charging stations.

  • Decline in new CCS installations – As more automakers transition to NACS, fewer new EV models will feature CCS inlets.

  • Compatibility concerns – Ensuring that existing CCS stations remain usable and can support both CCS and NACS-equipped vehicles.

  • Charger reliability – Upgrading CCS charging stations to maintain usability, enhance uptime, and improve the overall charging process.

Adaptation Strategies

To address these challenges, charging networks and station manufacturers are implementing various solutions:

  • Dual-standard charging stations – Networks like Electrify America and EVgo are equipping stations with both CCS and NACS connectors.

  • CCS-to-NACS adapters – Tesla is upgrading the Supercharger network to accommodate CCS adapters, allowing CCS-equipped EVs to charge.

  • Software and hardware updates – Upgrading existing CCS chargers to support multiple charging standards, ensuring longevity in the evolving EV charging ecosystem.

Render image of a Lucid Gravity with NACS port

The Future of CCS Charging

The future of CCS charging is evolving as more automakers transition to NACS. For EV drivers, the transition to NACS raises questions about long-term charging compatibility. While new vehicles will gradually adopt NACS, millions of CCS-equipped EVs will continue to rely on CCS chargers for years to come. The industry is working toward seamless charging experiences by ensuring that both CCS and NACS charging stations are accessible and reliable.

As technology advances, the future of EV charging infrastructure will likely be a blend of CCS chargers, NACS, and emerging charging technologies that prioritize efficiency, accessibility, and sustainability.

FAQs

  • What is CCS charging?

    CCS charging is a DC fast charging standard that adds two extra DC power lines to an existing J1772 (CCS1 in North America) or Type 2 (CCS2 in Europe) connector. It allows for faster and more efficient charging compared to AC chargers.

  • How does CCS compare to NACS?

    CCS has been widely used for years, but NACS (North American Charging Standard) is now being adopted by many automakers due to its integration with Tesla’s Supercharger network. While NACS is becoming more common, millions of CCS-equipped EVs will continue to rely on CCS charging stations for fast charging.

  • Can CCS-equipped EVs use Tesla Superchargers?

    Yes, some Tesla Superchargers are being retrofitted with CCS adapters, allowing CCS-equipped EVs to charge at Tesla’s Supercharger network. However, this availability depends on location and charger compatibility.

  • Will CCS charging stations be phased out?

    No, even with the transition to NACS, CCS chargers will remain an important part of the EV charging infrastructure, supporting millions of existing EVs.

  • What is the difference between CCS1 and CCS2?
    • CCS1 is used in North America, combining a J1772 plug with additional DC fast charging capabilities.

    • CCS2 is used in Europe, Central America, and South America, integrating a Type 2 connector with DC fast charging support.

  • Is CCS faster than AC charging?

    Yes, CCS chargers provide up to 350 kW, while AC chargers typically offer only 7 kW to 22 kW, making CCS charging significantly faster.

  • Will new EVs continue to use CCS?

    While many future EVs will transition to NACS, CCS charging stations will still be available, and some charging networks are offering dual-standard chargers that support both CCS and NACS.

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